Table of Contents
Overview
Muscles of the hand: main view
The muscles of the hand are divided into three groups. The thenar, metacarpal and hypothenar muscles. The thenar muscles produce fine movements of the thumb and include the abductor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis, and opponens pollicis (see next image). The hypothenar muscles move the little finger and include the abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi (see next image), and palmaris brevis. There are 11 metacarpal muscles which can be subdivided into three subdivisions. The dorsal interossei (4 in number) are small muscles found between the metacarpals on the dorsal surface of the hand, while the palmar interossei (3, see next image) represent their palmar counterparts. The lumbricals (4) are also found between the metacarpals, but unlike the dorsal and palmar interossei, they do not attach to the metacarpal bones, and instead attach proximally to the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus muscle.
Muscles of the hand: opponens and palmar interossei muscles
This image shows the deepest members of each muscle group of the hand: the opponens pollicis (of the thenar group), palmar interossei (of the metacarpal group), and opponens digiti minini (of the hypothenar group).
Keypoints
| Metacarpal muscles |
Dorsal interossei: flexion and extension of fingers 2-4 Palmar interossei: flexion and extension of fingers 2, 4 & 5 Lumbricals: flexion and extension of fingers 2-5 |
| Thenar muscles |
Abductor pollicis brevis: Thumb abduction Adductor pollicis: Thumb adduction Flexor pollicis brevis: Thumb flexion Opponens pollicis: Thumb opposition |
| Hypothenar muscles |
Abductor digiti minimi: Abduction, flexion and extension of little finger Flexor digiti minimi: Flexion, lateral rotation and opposition of little finger Opponens digiti minimi: Flexion, lateral rotation and opposition of little finger Palmaris brevis: Tightens palmar aponeurosis, tightens grip |
Atlas of Muscles of the hand
Thenar muscles (Musculi thenares)
anterior view
Abductor pollicis brevis muscle (Musculus abductor pollicis brevis)
anterior view
Adductor pollicis muscle (Musculus adductor pollicis)
anterior view
Flexor pollicis brevis muscle (Musculus flexor pollicis brevis)
anterior view
Opponens pollicis muscle (Musculus opponens pollicis)
anterior view
Dorsal interossei muscles of hand (Musculi interossei dorsales manus)
posterior view
Extensor expansion of hand (Aponeurosis extensoria manus)
posterior view
Central band of extensor expansion of hand (Fasciculus centralis aponeurosis extensoriae manus)
posterior view
Collateral bands of extensor expansion of hand (Fasciculi collaterales aponeurosis extensoriae manus)
posterior view
Palmar interossei muscles (Musculi interossei palmares)
anterior view
Lumbrical muscles of hand (Musculi lumbricales manus)
anterior view
Hypothenar muscles (Musculi hypothenares)
anterior view
Abductor digiti minimi muscle of hand (Musculus abductor digiti minimi manus)
posterior view
Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle of hand (Musculus flexor digiti minimi brevis manus)
anterior view
Opponens digiti minimi muscle of hand (Musculus opponens digiti minimi manus)
anterior view
Palmaris brevis muscle (Musculus palmaris brevis)
anterior view
Tendons of extensor digitorum muscle (Tendines musculi extensoris digitorum)
left lateral view
Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus muscle (Tendines musculi flexoris digitorum profundus)
left lateral view
Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis muscle (Tendines musculi flexoris digitorum superficialis)
left lateral view
Vinculum longum (Vinculum longum tendinis)
left lateral view
Vinculum breve (Vinculum breve tendinis)
left lateral view
Reference
- https://kenhub.com
