Table of Contents
Overview
Synovial joints: Types and structure The left image shows the six types of synovial joints classified based on the shape of their articulating surfaces and the movements they allow. The right image shows the components of a typical synovial joint, taking the knee joint as an example.
Keypoints
| Types | Plane, ellipsoid, hinge, ball and socket, pivot, saddle |
| Examples |
Plane joint: Acromioclavicular joint, intercarpal joints Ellipsoid joint: Radiocarpal joint, metacarpophalangeal joints Hinge joint: Elbow joint, knee joint, ankle joint Ball and socket joint: Hip joint, shoulder joint Pivot joint: Median atlantoaxial joint, radioulnar joints Saddle joint: Carpometacarpal joint of thumb |
| Main components of synovial joints |
Articular cartilage: Covers the ends of the articulating bones Articular capsule: Composed of an outer fibrous layer and inner synovial membrane Joint cavity: Filled with synovial fluid Reinforcing ligaments: Support the articular capsule |
Atlas of Synovial joints
Plane joint (Articulatio plana) 
Ellipsoid joint (Articulatio ellipsoidea) 
Hinge joint (Ginglymus) 
Ball and socket joint (Articulatio sphaeroidea) 
Pivot joint (Articulatio trochoidea) 
Saddle joint (Articulatio sellaris) 
Femur (Os femoris)
sagittal view
Tibia
sagittal view
Articular cartilage (Cartilago articularis)
sagittal view
Articular disc (Discus articularis)
sagittal view
Articular cavity (Cavitas articularis)
sagittal view
Articular capsule (Capsula articularis)
sagittal view
Synovial membrane (Membrana synovialis)
sagittal view
Reinforcing ligament (Ligamentum capsulare)
right lateral view
Fat pad (Corpus adiposum)
sagittal view
Tendon (Tendo)
sagittal view
Bursa
sagittal view
Reference
- https://kenhub.com
